1:24 p.m. on September 30, 2005 (EDT)
Couple comments -
For backpacking, the general rule for kids and beginner backpackers is limit to 1/4 of body weight. However, you say he was on a canoe trip. Since he generally would not be carrying the gear very far, it is ok to go well above the 25 pounds the rule implies for a 100 pound youth. But the pack for canoeing has different requirements than for backpacking. You need a truly waterproof sack (not waterrepellent, but waterPROOF). This means something called a "dry bag".
The sleeping pad - I assume you got a "self-inflating" foam-filled pad, such as a Thermarest. First thing is never, ever, use a bungee cord for backpacking (or canoeing, for that matter, or even bicycle trips). They tend to pop loose at inappropriate times, and the hook can do serious physical damage (I know of one case where an eye was put out). Also, when backpacking and bicycling, they have been known to lose gear (like sleeping bags and sleeping pads) due to the bouncing loosening the bungee. It is also less comfortable (in fact, downright uncomfortable) to have the load bouncing around.
Anyway, yes the inflatable should be stored flat with air in it. This does not mean fully inflated, though. Just lay it flat and open the valve to let it inflate by itself. Also, when using it, be careful to avoid blowing your moist breath in - this tends to promote growth of various forms of fungus, which breaks down the foam much more rapidly. The fungi might also not be so good for someone with allergies.
It is certainly ok to squeeze all the air out of the pad for carrying. You can carry the pad in your pack or securely strapped to the outside (emphasize - straps! not bungees!), preferably in a bag made for such pads.
Sleeping bag storage - for both synthetic and down, the bag should be stored loosely, as others have said. You can use a large cotton laundry bag ($1 or less at WalMart, Target, etc). The idea is to let the fill fluff up and to provide breathing (no plastic garbage bags! They don't breathe).
As for Dad "hiking", "camping", and "backpacking" in 'Nam - hey, guy, that was NOT hiking, camping, or backpacking. That was miserable minimal survival. Hiking, camping, and backpacking is a whole other Universe (not just another world). The gear is light, the boots a lot more comfortable (properly fit, even more comfortable than everyday shoes), and the sleeping arrangements can be really nice. And the food can be of gourmet quality. Ya just need someone who knows what it can really be like to show you and teach you the right way to do it.